Structure and mechanism of inhibition of plant acetohydroxyacid synthase |
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| Institution: | 1. RDBiotech, 22 Parklands Boulevard, Little Mountain, Queensland 4551, Australia;2. School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia;1. Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina;2. Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125 ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina;3. CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125 ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina;4. CIUNR, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125 ZAA, Zavalla, Argentina;1. Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125ZAA Zavalla, Argentina;2. Cátedra de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125ZAA Zavalla, Argentina;3. CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125ZAA Zavalla, Argentina;4. CIUNR, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CC 14, S2125ZAA Zavalla, Argentina;1. Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, Tai’an 271018, PR China;2. College of Plant Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Anhui, Fengyang 233100, PR China;3. College of Chemistry and Pharmacy Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong, Qingdao 266109, PR China |
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| Abstract: | Plants and microorganisms synthesize valine, leucine and isoleucine via a common pathway in which the first reaction is catalysed by acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS, EC 2.2.1.6). This enzyme is of substantial importance because it is the target of several herbicides, including all members of the popular sulfonylurea and imidazolinone families. However, the emergence of resistant weeds due to mutations that interfere with the inhibition of AHAS is now a worldwide problem. Here we summarize recent ideas on the way in which these herbicides inhibit the enzyme, based on the 3D structure of Arabidopsis thaliana AHAS. This structure also reveals important clues for understanding how various mutations can lead to herbicide resistance. |
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