Fetal and maternal endocrine changes associated with parturition in the goat

In 4 goats maternal jugular plasma concentrations of progesterone started to decline before labor commenced, but levels remained elevated above basal concentrations throughout parturition. Fetal and maternal plasma concentrations of estrogen rose before and during labor, increasing markedly just prior to fetal delivery. Fetal carotid plasma glucocorticoid concentrations appeared to rise over the 5 days prior to parturition, but a significant increase was only noted during labor. Maternal plasma concentrations of glucocorticoids were significantly lower than fetal plasma concentrations of glucocorticoids. Estradiol-17α was the predominant estrogen in both fetal and maternal plasma, less estrone was detected and apparently little estradiol-17β was present.No good correlation was found between plasma progesterone or estrogen and parturient uterine activity; the latter lasted from 22 to 78 hours, with the most dramatic increase occurring close to delivery. It is probable that other agents are involved in controlling uterine activity during parturition in the goat.