Transdermal delivery of diclofenac sodium through rat skin from various formulations |
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Authors: | I?ik Sarigüllü Özgüney Hatice Ye?im Karasulu Gülten Kantarci Sumru Sözer Tamer Güneri Gökhan Ertan |
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Institution: | Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ege, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. isik.ozguney@ege.edu.tr |
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Abstract: | The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the in vitro and in vivo transdermal potential of w/o microemulsion (M)
and gel (G) bases for diclofenac sodium (DS). The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a penetration enhancer was also examined
when it was added to the M formulation. To study the in vitro potential of these formulations, permeation studies were performed
with Franz diffusion cells using excised dorsal rat skin. To investigate their in vivo performance, a carrageenan-induced
rat paw edema model was used. The commercial formulation of DS (C) was used as a reference formulation. The results of the
in vitro permeation studies and the paw edema tests were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. The in vitro
permeation studies found that M was superior to G and C and that adding DMSO to M increased the permeation rate. The permeability
coefficients (Kp) of DS from M and M+DMSO were higher (Kp=4.9×10−3±3.6×10−4 cm/h and 5.3×10−3±1.2×10−3 cm/h, respectively) than the Kp of DS from C (Kp=2.7×10−3±7.3×10−4 cm/h) and G (Kp=4.5×10−3±4.5×10−5 cm/h). In the paw edema test, M showed the best permeation and effectiveness, and M+DMSO had nearly the same effect as M.
The in vitro and in vivo studies showed that M could be a new, alternative dosage form for effective therapy. |
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Keywords: | microemulsion diclofenac sodium in vitro permeation carrageenan-induced rat paw edema test |
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