Occurrence and phylogenetic significance of cytokinesis-related callose in green algae, bryophytes, ferns and seed plants |
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Authors: | P Scherp R Grotha U Kutschera |
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Institution: | FB 19 Pflanzenphysiologie, Universit?t Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Strasse 40, 34109 Kassel, Germany e-mail: kut@hrz.uni-kassel.de Fax: +49-561-8044009, DE
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Abstract: | In order to investigate the occurrence of callose in dividing cells, we cultivated a selection of 30 organisms (the prokaryotic
cyanobacterium Anabaena and eukaryotic green algae, bryophytes, ferns and seed plants) under defined conditions in the laboratory. Samples from these
photoautotrophs, which are members of the evolutionary 'green lineage' leading from freshwater algae to land plants, were
analysed by fluorescence microscopy. The β-1,3-glucan callose was identified by its staining properties with aniline blue
and sirofluor. With the exception of the prokaryotic cyanobacterium, all of the eukaryotic organisms studied were capable
of producing wound-induced callose. No callose was detected during cytokinesis of dividing cells of unicellular green algae
(and Anabaena). However, in all of the multicellular green algae and land plants (embryophytes) investigated, callose was identified in
newly made septae by an intense yellow fluorescence. The formation of wound callose was never detected in cells with callose
in the newly formed septae. Additional experiments verified that no fixation-induced artefacts occurred. Our results show
that callose is a regular component of developing septae in juvenile cells during cytokinesis in multicellular green algae
and embryophytes. The implications of our results with respect to the evolutionary relationships between extant charophytes
and land plants are discussed.
Received: 15 September 2000 / Revision received: 23 October 2000 / Accepted: 23 October 2000 |
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Keywords: | Callose Septae Cytokinesis Green lineage |
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