Pumping lipids with P4-ATPases |
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Authors: | López-Marqués Rosa L Holthuis Joost C M Pomorski Thomas G |
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Institution: | Center for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
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Abstract: | While accumulating evidence indicates that P4-ATPases catalyze phospholipid transport across cellular bilayers, their kinship to cation-pumping ATPases has raised fundamental questions concerning the underlying flippase mechanism. Loss of P4-ATPase function perturbs vesicle formation in late secretory and endocytic compartments. An intriguing concept is that P4-ATPases help drive vesicle budding by generating imbalances in transbilayer lipid numbers. Moreover, activation of P4-ATPases by phosphoinositides and other effectors of coat recruitment provide a potential mechanism to confine flippase activity to sites of vesicle biogenesis. These developments have raised considerable interest in understanding the mechanism, regulation and biological implications of P4-ATPase-catalyzed phospholipid transport. |
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