Factors related to the etiology of retained placenta in dairy cattle |
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| Institution: | 1. Women''s Health & Perinatal Research Group, UiT—The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway;2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway;3. Biomedicine Unit, Department of Physiology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;5. Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;6. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland;7. Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;1. Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, United Kingdom;2. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0910, United States;1. Cátedra de Estadística y Biometría, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina;2. La Sibila (Grupo Los Lazos S.A.), Santa Fe, Argentina;3. Zoetis Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina;4. Instituto de Reproducción Animal Córdoba (IRAC), Córdoba, Argentina;5. Medicina Veterinaria, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina;1. Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;2. JS Davies Epigenetics and Genetics Group, Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, South Australia, Australia;3. Genetics and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;4. Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia;2. De Graafschap Veterinarians, Vorden 7251 MX, the Netherlands;3. Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | Birth records of 369 288 calvings of 160 188 Meuse-Rhine-Yssel cows were analysed to assess the influence of factors associated with retained placenta. Special emphasis was placed on the analysis of a subset containing data on births involving a single live calf and an easy or normal calving process. The overall rate of incidence of retained placenta was 6.6%. The rate increased during the years studied. Abortion, stillbirth and multiple birth caused a marked increase in rate, as did difficult calving, caesarean section and fetotomy. After adjusting for these factors, analysis of the corrected subset showed that the rate of incidence increased with age of the dam. Gestation length prior to retention and birth weight were also associated with higher rates. The combination of short gestation length (<270 days) and low birth weight (?37 kg) was associated with the highest risk of retained placenta. High birth weights mainly caused higher rates when related to dystocia. The incidence rate in cows delivering a male calf was only slightly higher than in cows delivering a female calf. Cows having retained placenta for a first or second time were three and six times, respectively, as likely to do so again at a subsequent parturition when compared with cows which had not had retained placenta previously. |
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