A new composting model and assessment of optimum operation for effective drying of composting material |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Plant and Animal Sciences, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada B2N 5E3;2. Department of Engineering, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada B2N 5E3;1. Department of Bio System Engineering, University of Tabriz, 5166616471, Tabriz, Iran;2. Energy Division, Materials and Energy Research Center, 3177983634, Karaj, Iran;3. PhD Candidate, Hamedan Azad University, Hamedan, Iran;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, 55200, Turkey;2. Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Marmara University, İstanbul, 34722, Turkey;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey;1. Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China;4. Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology (Fujian Province University), Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China;5. Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China;1. Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada, B2N 5E3;2. Ivan Curry School of Engineering, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada, B4P 2R6;3. School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1 |
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| Abstract: | A new model is proposed to deal with the composting reaction. This model made it possible to calculate the courses of the rate of carbon dioxide evolution, volatile matter conversion, temperature, and moisture content under various aerating operations. The prediction by the model was compared with measurements in laboratory and commercial scale compostings, and was found to agree satisfactorily with the measurements. The model was then used to search for the optimum conditions to obtain sufficiently dry compost.There are two key factors that affect the rate of water vaporization in composting: the aeration rate and the reaction temperature. These two factors are interrelated. The optimum reaction temperature for biological reaction was approximately 60°C regardless of the aeration rate in the parameter range studied. The calculation based on this model suggests that water can be eliminated most effectively when the aeration is so controlled as to keep the reactor at its optimum reaction temperature i.e., 60°C. The drying efficiency was evaluated in terms of the rate of water removal and the total amount of water removed in one batch operation. |
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