Measurement of the overall volumetric coefficient of heat transfer of a shaking flask |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit, Changzhou University, No. 21 Gehu Middle Road, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China;2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Process Equipment, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China;1. Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan.;2. Department of Physics, International Islamic University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.;3. Department of Chemistry, Chemnitz Technical University, Chemnitz 09111, Germany;4. Department of Physics, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan. |
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| Abstract: | The overall volumetric coefficient of heat transfer (Ua) of a shaking flask was measured under various shaking conditions using three types of flask. Ua was significantly affected by flask weight (WF), which could be attributed to the thickness of the flask wall, the rotational speed of the shaker (N), wind velocity (VW), and the liquid volume in the flask (VL). The limiting step of heat transfer seemed to be the heat radiation process from the surface of the flask to the surroundings. To predict the value of Ua, the following empirical equations were obtained for each type of flask by the least squares method: - 1.(1) for deformed creased flask (M-type flask), Ua=17.4 WF−0.43VL−0.61N0.12VW0.36
- 2.(2) for creased flask (N-type flask), Ua=9.2 WF−0.36VL−0.57N0.17VW0.27
- 3.(3) for smooth flask (S-type flask), Ua=5.3 WF−0.26VL−0.62N0.19VW0.25.
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