L-5-Hydroxytryptophan: antioxidant and anti-apoptotic principle of the intertidal sponge Hymeniacidon heliophila |
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Authors: | Lysek Nicola Kinscherf Ralf Claus Ralf Lindel Thomas |
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Affiliation: | Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. |
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Abstract: | The intertidal sponge Hymeniacidon heliophila which survives under intense sunlight contains the antioxidant amino acid L-5-hydroxytryptophan (L-5-HTP) as major constituent. The content of L-5-HTP was determined as (0.45 +/- 0.23)% of the dry weight by quantitative NMR-spectroscopical analysis with an internal standard. Other known antioxidants such as flavonoids, carotenoids or tocopherol derivatives were absent. Both the oxidation potential and the concentration of L-5-HTP in H. heliophila correspond to the values observed for flavonoids being major antioxidants in plants. It was shown that L-5-HTP suppresses UV-induced apoptosis in human monocytes at the same concentrations as it occurs in the sponge tissue. |
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