Biotransformation of the Streptomyces scabies phytotoxin thaxtomin A by the fungus Aspergillus niger |
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Authors: | Lazarovits George Hill Jackie King Russell R Calhoun Larry A |
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Affiliation: | Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sanford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada. Lazarovitsg@agr.gc.ca |
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Abstract: | Of several hundred microorganisms randomly selected from the environment, only a fungal isolate identified as Aspergillus niger van Tiegham var. niger was found to transform the phytotoxin thaxtomin A to much less toxic metabolites. The rate and extent of transformation of thaxtomin A was tested under a variety of conditions, including different growth media, biomass concentrations, incubation periods, and shaker speeds. Under optimum conditions the fungus converted thaxtomin A into two major and five minor metabolites. The two major metabolites and three of the five minor metabolites were fully characterized by a combination of mass spectral and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. When assayed on aseptically produced mini-tubers, the major metabolites proved to be much less phytotoxic than thaxtomin A. |
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