Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in antiviral immunity and autoimmunity |
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Authors: | Fei Tang Qiumei Du Yong-Jun Liu |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Immunology, Unit 901, 7455 Fannin, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA |
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Abstract: | Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) represent a unique and crucial immune cell population capable of producing large amounts
of type I interferons (IFNs) in response to viral infection. The function of pDCs as the professional type I IFN-producing
cells is linked to their selective expression of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR9, which sense viral nucleic acids within
the endosomal compartments. Type I IFNs produced by pDCs not only directly inhibit viral replication but also play an essential
role in linking the innate and adaptive immune system. The aberrant activation of pDCs by self nucleic acids through TLR signaling
and the ongoing production of type I IFNs do occur in some autoimmune diseases. Therefore, pDC may serve as an attractive
target for therapeutic manipulations of the immune system to treat viral infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases. |
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Keywords: | plasmacytoid dendritic cells type I interferon TLR7 TLR9 antiviral immunity autoimmune diseases |
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