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Germination shields in Scutellospora (Glomeromycota: Diversisporales, Gigasporaceae) from the 400 million-year-old Rhynie chert |
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| Authors: | Nora Dotzler Michael Krings Thomas N. Taylor Reinhard Agerer |
| Affiliation: | 1. Bayerische Staatssammlung für Pal?ontologie und Geologie und GeoBio-Center LMU, Richard-Wagner-Stra?e 10, 80333, Munich, Germany 2. Department Biologie I und GeoBio-Center LMU, Bereich Biodiversit?tsforschung: Mykologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t München, Menzinger Stra?e 67, 80638, Munich, Germany 3. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045-7534, USA |
| Abstract: | Glomeromycotan spores from the Lower Devonian Rhynie chert provide the first evidence for germination shields in fossil fungi and demonstrate that this complex mode of germination was in place in some fungi at least 400 million years ago. Moreover, they represent the first direct marker relative to the precise systematic position of an Early Devonian endomycorrhizal fungus. In extant fungi, germination shields occur exclusively in the genus Scutellospora (Glomeromycota: Diversisporales, Gigasporaceae). These structures are regarded as a derived feature within the phylum Glomeromycota, and hence their presence in the Rhynie chert suggests that major diversification within this group of fungi occurred before the Early Devonian.Taxonomical novelties Scutellosporites Dotzler, M. Krings, T.N. Taylor and Agerer Scutellosporites devonicus Dotzler, M. Krings, T.N. Taylor and AgererStürmer 1998 |
| Keywords: | Arbuscular mycorrhiza Evolution Germination Pragian (Early Devonian) Spore wall |
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