外泌体提取及保存技术研究进展

外泌体是多种活细胞经过"内吞-融合-外排"等一系列过程主动向胞外分泌的纳米级双层膜结构小囊泡,广泛存在于血液和尿液等生物体液中.因其携带着多种蛋白质、核酸和脂质等生物活性分子,所以外泌体不仅在细胞间物质交换和信息传递中发挥重要作用,而且对疾病诊断、预后预测和治疗管理等均具有提示意义.外泌体的高效提取、分离和完整保存是研...

Research Progress on the Isolation and Preservation Techniques of Exosomes

Exosomes,nanometer-sized extracellular vesicles enveloped in a lipid bilayer membrane,are released by almost living cells through a series of regulatory processes such as"endocytosis-fusion-efflux".Exosomes are present in numerous biological fluids such as blood and urine.Exosomes are carriers of several molecules including proteins,nucleic acids and lipids,which not only play vital roles in substance exchange and signal communication from one cell to others,but also have some implications in disease diagnosis,prognosis prediction and treatment management.The efficient extraction,isolation and intact preservation of exosomes are important prerequisites for the subsequent biological mechanism-related studies and for the development of exosomes-based testing and relevant therapeutic technique.This article reviews the latest research progress made domestically and internationally on the isolation and preservation techniques of exosomes,as well as analyzes the technical characteristics of each technique.This article aims to provide informative summarization for the methodological standardization of isolation and preservation of exosomes,as well as promote the development of related techniques.