祁连山部分地区山地景观格局空间幅度效应的研究

三元图能有效反应多种斑块类型对景观格局的影响, 依据“斑块-廊道-基质”模式, 比较各斑块类型对整个研究区的响应。选择祁连山100 km×100 km的某正方形区域为研究区并运用景观格局指数法对研究区的空间幅度效应进行研究, 同时得出研究区尺度依赖性的有效幅度和特征尺度。结果表明: (1)草地为整个研究区景观结构的基质, 其面积最大, 在整个景观中占绝对优势; (2)在斑块类型中, 裸地在整个研究区中起主导作用; (3)12 km和88 km是研究区的两个特征尺度, 88 km幅度为研究区尺度依赖性的有效幅度, 超过这一幅度范围, 无论景观要素, 还是景观指数都失去了尺度依赖性。研究通过对祁连山部分地区景观格局与尺度效应的分析可以了解研究区景观格局空间特征及分布规律, 为祁连山的规划与管理、生态建设提供参考依据。

Study on the spatial extent effect of mountain landscape pattern in part of Qilian Mountain

The ternary diagram could reflect the impact of various types of patch.Based on“patch-corridor-matrix”pattern,it compared the influence of each patch types on the whole study area.A square area of 100×100km in Qilian Mountain was selected as the study area.It used the landscape pattern index method to study the spatial extent effect of the study area,and obtained the effective extent and characteristic scale of the dependence of scale effect in the study area.The results showed that(1)Grassland was the substrate of landscape structure in the whole study area,which had the largest area and occupies an absolute advantage in the whole landscape.(2)Bare land played a dominant role in patch types throughout the study area.(3)12 km and 88 km were the two characteristic scales of the study area,and the 88 km extent was the effective extent of the dependence of scale effect in the study area.Beyond this range,both landscape elements and landscape index lost the dependence of scale effect.Through the analysis of landscape pattern and scale effect in some areas of Qilian Mountain,the spatial characteristics and distribution of landscape pattern in the study area were revealed,which could provide reference for the planning and management and ecological construction of Qilian Mountain.