Genetic analysis of emerald ash borer (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Agrilus planipennis</Emphasis> Fairmaire) populations in Asia and North America |
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Authors: | Alicia M Bray Leah S Bauer Therese M Poland Robert A Haack Anthony I Cognato James J Smith |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 201 CIPS, E. Lansing, MI 48824, USA;(2) USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station, 1407 S. Harrison Rd., E. Lansing, MI 48824, USA;(3) Present address: Lyman Briggs College, Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI 48825, USA;(4) Present address: School of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences, Otis L. Floyd Nursery Research Center, Tennessee State University, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, TN 37110, USA; |
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Abstract: | Emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is an invasive pest of North American ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees first discovered outside of its native range of northeastern Asia in 2002. EAB spread from its initial zone of
discovery in the Detroit, Michigan and Windsor, Ontario metropolitan areas, in large part, from inadvertent human-assisted
movement of infested ash materials. EAB infestations are now known in 15 US states and two Canadian provinces. The primary
goal of this study was to use molecular markers to characterize the population genetic structure of EAB in its native and
introduced range. This information may provide valuable insights on the geographic origin, potential host range, invasion
potential, and additional biological control agents for ongoing management efforts of this destructive wood-boring beetle.
EAB were collected from 17 localities in its native Asian range and from 7 localities in North America, and population structure
analyzed using mtDNA gene sequences, AFLP fingerprints, and alleles at 2 microsatellite loci. Analysis of mtDNA cytochrome
oxidase subunit I gene (COI; 439 bp) sequences revealed all North American individuals carry a common mtDNA haplotype also
found in China and South Korea. Additional mtDNA haplotypes observed in China and South Korea differed from the common haplotype
by 1–2 nucleotide substitutions and a single individual from Japan differed by 21 nucleotide changes (4.8%). Analysis using
AFLP fingerprints (108 loci) indicated Asian populations were more highly variable, yet had less overall population structure,
than the North American populations. North American populations appear most closely related to populations in our sample from
the Chinese provinces of Hebei and Tianjin City. Further, population assignment tests assigned 88% of the individual beetles
from North America to either Hebei or Tianjin City. |
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