Isolation and characterization of a new cellulosome-producing Clostridium thermocellum strain |
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Authors: | Chakrit Tachaapaikoon Akihiko Kosugi Patthra Pason Rattiya Waeonukul Khanok Ratanakhanokchai Khin Lay Kyu Takamitsu Arai Yoshinori Murata Yutaka Mori |
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Institution: | (1) Post-harvest Science and Technology Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), 1-1 Ohwashi, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8686, Japan;(2) Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI), King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand;(3) School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology, Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok, Thailand; |
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Abstract: | The anaerobic thermophilic bacterium, Clostridium thermocellum, is a potent cellulolytic microorganism that produces large extracellular multienzyme complexes called cellulosomes. To isolate
C.
thermocellum organisms that possess effective cellulose-degrading ability, new thermophilic cellulolytic strains were screened from more
than 800 samples obtained mainly from agriculture residues in Thailand using microcrystalline cellulose as a carbon source.
A new strain, C. thermocellum S14, having high cellulose-degrading ability was isolated from bagasse paper sludge. Cellulosomes prepared from S14 demonstrated
faster degradation of microcrystalline cellulose, and 3.4- and 5.6-fold greater Avicelase activity than those from C. thermocellum ATCC27405 and JW20 (ATCC31449), respectively. Scanning electron microscopic analysis showed that S14 had unique cell surface
features with few protuberances in contrast to the type strains. In addition, the cellulosome of S14 was resistant to inhibition
by cellobiose that is a major end product of cellulose hydrolysis. Saccharification tests conducted using rice straw soaked
with sodium hydroxide indicated the cellulosome of S14 released approximately 1.5-fold more total sugars compared to that
of ATCC27405. This newly isolated S14 strain has the potential as an enzyme resource for effective lignocellulose degradation. |
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