荒漠植物种子逆境萌发研究进展

对水分、温度、光照、沙埋深度、盐分胁迫及以上几种综合因素在逆境条件下对荒漠植物种子萌发的影响进行了综述。降雨次数、雨量大小、分布及土壤湿度是决定荒漠植物种子萌发的重要生态因子；温度是影响荒漠植物种子萌发的关键生态因子之一，变温有利于荒漠植物种子萌发；光照并非大多数荒漠植物种子萌发的必要条件，少部分荒漠植物种子萌发需要光照，有些要在黑暗中萌发，有些则对光照无特殊要求，光照对有些荒漠植物种子萌发有一定的抑制；不同沙埋深度具有不同的土壤湿度，土壤温度和光照等条件，综合调控荒漠植物种子的萌发；盐分胁迫抑制种子的萌发。荒漠植物种子的萌发在以上几种因素的共同协调作用下表现出一定的适应性。随着研究的不断深入和生态环境建设的需求，需要加强荒漠植物生理生态研究的深度和研究的系统性。

Research Advances on the Germination of Desert Plants Under Stress

Effects of water, temperature, light, buried depth in sand, salt stress and their combinations on the seed germination of desert plants under stress were reviewed. The rainfall frequency, rainfall size and distribution, as well as soil moisture are the important ecological factors that governing the seed germination of desert plants. Temperature is one of the key ecological factors influencing the seed germination of desert plants, changing temperature is conducive to seed germination of desert plants. Illumination is not the necessary conditions for the seed germination of majority of desert plants. A small portion of desert plants need light for seed germination, and some germinate in the dark, while some show no specific requirements of light. Light shows inhibition effect to some extent on the seed germination of some desert plants. Sand buries regulates the seed germination of desert plants through soil moisture, soil temperature and illumination. Salinity stress restrains the seed germination. Seed germination of desert plants under the above coordinating factors shows some adaptability. Along further studies and the need of environmental protection or reconstruction, it is necessary to enhance the eco-physiological research in desert psammophytes, in depth and systematicity.