木霉菌合成银纳米粒子条件的优化及其对甜瓜尖孢镰刀菌抑制作用

随着绿色环保观念的普及,生物合成金属纳米粒子的方法备受青睐。纳米银(Silver nanoparticles,AgNPs)由于其抗菌活性强且不易产生抗药性等特点在农业病害防治中越来越受到关注。文中利用橘绿木霉Trichoderma citrinoviride和毛簇木霉Trichoderma velutinous研究了AgNPs的最适合成条件和AgNPs对尖孢镰刀菌抑菌活性。结果表明,所有合成的AgNPs均在400–500 nm处有吸收峰,两种木霉生物合成AgNPs的最适合成条件为CL法(菌丝滤液)静置光照培养,底物AgNO₃浓度为2.0mmol/L,pH值为7,反应温度为45℃。橘绿木霉和毛簇木霉合成的AgNPs均对尖孢镰刀菌有抑制作用,抑菌效果随浓度的增加而增大,AgNPs在浓度为200 mg/L时,抑菌率分别达到33.745%和36.083%。

Optimization of synthesizing silver nanoparticles from Trichoderma strains for inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum

With the popularity of green concepts, the use of biological method to synthesize metal nanoparticles is a favored method. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted more and more attention in the control of agricultural diseases, because of their strong antifungal activity and not easy inducing resistance for pathogens. In this study, Trichoderma citrinoviride and Trichoderma velutinous were used to study the most suitable synthesis conditions for AgNPs, and their antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum. The silver nanoparticles had an absorbance peak at 400-500 nm, the most suitable synthesis conditions were at standing and light with CL method (mycelium filtrate), AgNO3 concentration of 2.0 mmol/L, pH of 7, and reaction temperature of 45 °C. AgNPs synthesized by T. citrinoviride and T. velutinous inhibited F. oxysporum, the inhibition effect was better with the increase of silver nanoparticle concentration. When the concentration of AgNPs was 200 mg/L, the antifungal rate from T. citrinoviride and T. velutinous was 33.75% and 36.08%, respectively.