Linkage Mapping and Molecular Diversity at the Flower Sex Locus in Wild and Cultivated Grapevine Reveal a Prominent SSR Haplotype in Hermaphrodite Plants |
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Authors: | Juri Battilana Silvia Lorenzi Flavia M. Moreira Paula Moreno-Sanz Osvaldo Failla Francesco Emanuelli M. Stella Grando |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all’Adige, TN, Italy 3. Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Rua José Lino Kretzer 608–Praia Comprida, S?o José, Santa Catarina, 88130-310, Brazil 2. Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
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Abstract: | Cultivars used for wine and table grape have self-fertile hermaphrodite flowers whereas wild European vines and American and Asian species are dioecious, having either male or female flowers. Consistent with previous studies, the flower sex trait was mapped as a single major locus on chromosome 2 based on a pure Vitis vinifera population segregating for hermaphrodite and female progeny, and a hybrid population producing all three flower sex types. The sex locus was placed between the same SSR and SNP markers on both genetic maps, although abnormal segregation hampered to fine map the genomic region. From a total of 55 possible haplotypes inferred for three SSR markers around the sex locus, in a population of 132 V. sylvestris accessions and 171 V. vinifera cultivars, one of them accounted for 66 % of the hermaphrodite individuals and may be the result of domestication. Specific size variants of the VVIB23 microsatellite sequence within the 3′-UTR of a putative YABBY1 gene were found to be statistically significantly associated with the sex alleles M, H and f; these markers can provide assistance in defining the status of wild grapevine germplasm. |
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