Induction of HIV-1 replication by allogeneic stimulation. |
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Authors: | H Moriuchi M Moriuchi A S Fauci |
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Institution: | Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. hiromori@net.nagasaki-u.ac.jp |
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Abstract: | Allogeneic stimulation presents an immunologic challenge during pregnancy, blood transfusions, and transplantations, and has been associated with reactivation of latently infected virus such as CMV. Since HIV-1 is transmitted vertically, sexually, or via contaminated blood, we have tested the effects of allostimulation on HIV-1 infection. 1) We show that allostimulated lymphocytes are highly susceptible to acute infection with T cell-tropic or dual-tropic HIV-1. 2) We show that allostimulation has dichotomous effects on replication of macrophage-tropic HIV-1; it activates HIV expression in already infected cells but inhibits HIV entry by secreting HIV-suppressive CC chemokines. 3) We show that allogeneic stimulation of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells induced replication of HIV-1 in these cells. These observations suggest that allogeneic stimulation may play a role in the transmission, replication, and phenotypic transition of HIV-1. |
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