丝状真菌被孢霉产生油脂的研究

被孢霉的三个菌株Mortierella sp.M10,M13与M14生长在以葡萄糖为碳源、尿素为氮源的液体培养基中,所得到的菌丝体内堆积含γ-亚麻酸的油脂。油脂产率以M10菌株为高,而油脂中的γ-亚麻酸含量却以M14菌株为高。这种油脂的脂肪酸中,所含饱和脂肪酸主要有豆蔻酸(C14:0),棕榈酸(C16:0)和硬脂酸(C18:0);所含不饱和脂肪酸主要有棕榈油酸(C16:1),油酸(C18:1),亚油酸(C18:2)以及γ-亚麻酸(C18:3,n-6)。上述被孢霉菌株的培养物接种在含葡萄糖、尿素的培养基中生长大约48小时后,菌丝体顶端细胞形成鼓胀球状,此后仍继续胀大。菌体细胞形态的这种特异变化,可能与胞内油脂的累积有关。

STUDIES ON PRODUCTION OF LIPID IN FILAMENTOUS FUNGUS MORTIERELLA SP.

The mycelia of three strains of Mortierella sp. M10, Ml3 and M14 grown in the liquid medium with glucose as carbon source and urea as nitrogen source accumulated lipids containing r-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-6). The lipid yield is high in M10 mycelia and the r-linolenic acid content is high in the lipid of M14. There are saturated fatty acids such as myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (18:0) and unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitoleic acid (C16:1), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), r-linolenic acid (C18:3, n-6), in this fungal lipid. After inoculation in the GU medium for about 48h, distensible spheroid appeared at the mycelial tip and continued to distend thereafter. Such change of mycelial morphology may related to the lipid accumulation in the mycelia of Mortierella.