Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the development of Bonagota cranaodes |
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| Authors: | MIRYAN D A CORACINI PAULO H G ZARBIN MARIE BENGTSSON ADALÉCIO KOVALESKI EVALDO F VILELA LUCIANA L TOREZAN EDUARDO R HICKEL PETER WITZGALL |
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| Institution: | Department Chemistry, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba-PR, Brazil;, Chemical Ecology Group, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden;, EMBRAPA/CNPUV, Vacaria-RS, Brazil;, Department Animal Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa-MG, Brazil;and EPAGRI/Videira, Videira-SC, Brazil. |
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| Abstract: | Abstract. The Brazilian apple leafroller, Bonagota cranaodes (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is reared in the laboratory under a long-day (LD 14 : 10 h) and a short-day (LD 7 : 17 h) photoperiod at 22 °C, and under two different temperatures (10–13 °C and 21–22 °C). The development time from larval to adult eclosion do not differ between the two photoperiods, but did between the two temperature regimes. However, the larvae do not enter diapause, even under short day conditions and low temperatures. The number of adults obtained does not differ with temperature and light conditions. Field captures with pheromone traps show that Brazilian apple leafroller occurs in apple orchards throughout the year and the population densities are lower in winter. Accordingly, control measures should be taken during the off-season. |
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| Keywords: | Diapause field trapping test insect control monitoring sex pheromone |
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