| Nitric oxide： orchestrating hypoxia regulation through mitochondrial respiration and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response |
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| 作者姓名： | Xu W Charles IG Moncada S |
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| 作者单位： | WolfsonInstituteforBiomedicalResearch,UniversityCollegeLondon,TheCruciformBuilding,GowerStreet,London,WC1E6BT,UK |
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| 摘 要： | Mitochondria have long been considered to be the powerhouse of the living cell, generating energy in the form of the molecule ATP via the process of oxidative phosphorylation. In the past 20 years, it has been recognised that they also play an important role in the implementation of apoptosis, or programmed cell death. More recently it has become evident that mitochondria also participate in the orchestration of cellular defence responses. At physiological concentrations, the gaseous molecule nitric oxide (NO) inhibits the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (complex Ⅳ) in competition with oxygen. This interaction underlies the mitochondrial actions of NO, which range from the physiological regulation of cell respiration, through mitochondrial signalling, to the development of “metabolic hypoxia”-a situation in which, although oxygen is available, the cell is unable to utilise it.
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| 关 键 词： | 一氧化氮 缺氧症 线粒体 内质网 呼吸作用 氧化磷酸化 细胞凋亡 细胞信号转导 |
Nitric oxide: orchestrating hypoxia regulation through mitochondrial respiration and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response |
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| Xu W,Charles IG,Moncada S.Nitric oxide: orchestrating hypoxia regulation through mitochondrial respiration and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response[J].Cell Research,2005,15(1):63-65. |
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| Authors: | Xu Weiming Charles Ian G Moncada Salvador |
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| Institution: | Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, The Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. |
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| Abstract: | Mitochondria have long been considered to be the powerhouse of the living cell, generating energy in the form of the molecule ATP via the process of oxidative phosphorylation. In the past 20 years, it has been recognised that they also play an important role in the implementation of apoptosis, or programmed cell death. More recently it has become evident that mitochondria also participate in the orchestration of cellular defence responses. At physiological concentrations, the gaseous molecule nitric oxide (NO) inhibits the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) in competition with oxygen. This interaction underlies the mitochondrial actions of NO, which range from the physiological regulation of cell respiration, through mitochondrial signalling, to the development of "metabolic hypoxia" -- a situation in which, although oxygen is available, the cell is unable to utilise it. |
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| Keywords: | nitric oxide hypoxia mitochondria endoplasmic reticulum stress |
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