Brain structure evolution in a basal vertebrate clade: evidence from phylogenetic comparative analysis of cichlid fishes |
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Authors: | Alejandro Gonzalez-Voyer Svante Winberg Niclas Kolm |
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Institution: | 1. Animal Ecology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyv?gen 18 D, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden 2. Department of Neuroscience, Physiology Unit, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Box 572, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract: | Background The vertebrate brain is composed of several interconnected, functionally distinct structures and much debate has surrounded
the basic question of how these structures evolve. On the one hand, according to the 'mosaic evolution hypothesis', because
of the elevated metabolic cost of brain tissue, selection is expected to target specific structures mediating the cognitive
abilities which are being favored. On the other hand, the 'concerted evolution hypothesis' argues that developmental constraints
limit such mosaic evolution and instead the size of the entire brain varies in response to selection on any of its constituent
parts. To date, analyses of these hypotheses of brain evolution have been limited to mammals and birds; excluding Actinopterygii,
the basal and most diverse class of vertebrates. Using a combination of recently developed phylogenetic multivariate allometry
analyses and comparative methods that can identify distinct rates of evolution, even in highly correlated traits, we studied
brain structure evolution in a highly variable clade of ray-finned fishes; the Tanganyikan cichlids. |
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