The effect of cadmium on lipid and fatty acid biosynthesis in tomato leaves |
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Authors: | Wided Ben Ammar Issam Nouairi Mokhtar Zarrouk Fatma Jemal |
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Affiliation: | (1) Unité de Recherche “Nutrition et Métabolisme Azotés et Protéines de Stress (UR 99/09-20)”, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, 2092 Tunis El Manar, Tunisie;(2) Laboratoire Caractérisation et Qualité de l’Huile d’Olive, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria, B.P. 901-2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisie |
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Abstract: | This research aims to examine the effect of cadmium uptake on lipid composition and fatty acid biosynthesis, in young leaves of tomato treated seedlings (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Ibiza F1). Results in membrane lipids investigations revealed that high cadmium concentrations affect the main lipid classes, leading to strong changes in their composition and fatty acid content. Thus, the exposure of tomato plants to cadmium caused a concentration-related decrease in the unsaturated fatty acid content, resulting in a lower degree of fatty acid unsaturation. The level of lipid peroxides was significantly enhanced at high Cd concentrations. Studies of the lipid metabolism using radioactive labelling with [1-14C]acetate as a major precursor of lipid biosynthesis, showed that levels of radioactivity incorporation in total lipids as well as in all lipid classes were lowered by Cd doses. In total lipid fatty acids, [1-14C]acetate incorporation was reduced in tri-unsaturated fatty acids (C16:3 and C18:3); While it was enhanced in the palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), stearic (C18:0) and linoleic (C18:2) acids. [1-14C]acetate incorporation into C16:3 and C18:3 of galactolipids [monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG)] and some phospholipids [phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG)] was inhibited by Cd stress. Our results showed that in tomato plants, cadmium stress provoked an inhibition of polar lipid biosynthesis and reduced fatty acid desaturation process. |
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Keywords: | biosynthesis cadmium fatty acid lipids Lycopersicon esculentum radioactivity labelling |
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