甘肃省麻疹监测系统报告病例的流行病学分析

目的分析甘肃省近年来麻疹报告发病特点,为实现消除麻疹目标措施的制定提供参考依据。方法对甘肃省2009—2010年疾病监测信息报告系统和麻疹监测系统报告的疑似麻疹病例进行分析。结果 2009—2010年报告麻疹病例1 463例,主要集中在15岁以下年龄组,占病例总数的74.16%,≥15岁病例占病例总数的25.91%。4～7月为发病的高峰季节。对15岁以下进行流行病学调查的病例分析,20.86%的病例未接种过麻疹类疫苗,32.71%的病例免疫史不详。对病例的接触史分析,在发病前7～21d有5.82%的病例明确接触过发热出疹性病人,有12.43%的病例曾去过医院。分离出麻疹病毒H1a基因型,对麻疹疫苗免疫和疫情的防控有指导意义。结论根据麻疹发病年龄构成及免疫史分析,个别地区常规免疫接种不足是造成麻疹发病的主要原因,同时要注意控制院内感染的发生。需要在提高麻疹疫苗常规免疫覆盖率的基础上,进一步深入和规范监测工作,提高监测调查质量。

Epidemiology analysis of cases reported by the measles surveillance system in Gansu province

Objective To analyze the measles features in recent years and provide the reference basis for working out the measures for measles elimination.Methods The date of doubtful measles cases was analyzed,these cases were collected by the disease surveillance report system and measles surveillance system from 2009 to 2010 in Gansu province.Results Total of 1 463 cases was reported,the most cases happened in persons under 15 years old,it accounts for 74.16% of total cases.The prevalent season is from April to July.The cases under 15years were surveyed,it is found that 20.86% of cases have not been vaccinated with MCV and there are 32.71% of cases whose immune history id unknown,5.82% cases have contacted with fever rash people and 12.43% of cases have been to the hospital in 7-21 days before disease happened.The isolation of H1a sub-genotype measles virus is important to control measles.Conclusions According to analysis of age distribution and vaccination status of measles cases,the results showed that the insufficient routine immunization in some areas is the main reason for causing measles.The routine immunization should be strengthened and the measles surveillance should be improved.