柯萨奇病毒A组16型研究进展

柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CA16)是引起手足口病(HFMD)的主要病原体,与肠道病毒71型(EV71)交替或共同流行;特别是近年在西太平洋地区呈现流行强度高、重症和死亡人数多的特点,已成为该地区的重大公共卫生问题。研发安全有效的疫苗是控制HFMD流行的有效手段。由于EV71所致疾病在重症和死亡病例中所占比例高,对其疫苗研发得到了广泛关注,全病毒灭活疫苗已进入III期临床,有望即将应用于婴幼儿HFMD的防控。EV71疫苗的顺利研发随之也增加了对CA16疫苗研发的迫切性。近年来日本、新加坡以及中国台湾地区逐渐开始关注CA16相关的研究,我国也有多家企业开展CA16疫苗的研发。本文就CA16的病原学,流行病学,实验室诊断,治疗和预防等方面进行了综述。

Progress in research on Coxsackievirus A16

Coxsackievirus A16 （CA16） is one of major pathogens associated with human hand, foot, and mouth diseases （HFMD）. It always circulates alternatively or combanatively with Enterovirus 71 （ EV71 ） on a global scale and caused many HFMD outbreaks. In particular, in recent years the epidemics of HFMD have appeared high strength, more severe cases and deaths in the Western Pacific region, the diseases have become a major public health problem in this region. The effective way to control the HFMD epidemic is to generate a safe and effective vaccine. Due to high proportion of severe ca- ses and deaths, the development of EV71 vaccines have obtained a widespread concern and its inactivated whole-virus vac- cines have entered Phase III clinical trials, which are expected to be used in the prevention and control of HFMD in infants and young children in the near future. The smooth development of the EVT1 vaccine brings about the urgency of the re- search and development of CA16 vaccine. Recently ,more and more attention has been paid to CA16-related research in Ja- pan, Singapore and Taiwan area,China , and several Chinese enterprises have carried out the development of CA16 vac- cine. In this paper, etiology, epidemiology, laboratory diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CA16 are reviewed.