Effects of diabetes mellitus on the rat liver during the postmenopausal period |
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Authors: | Deniz Unal Selina Aksak Zekai Halici Ozlem Sengul Beyzagul Polat Bunyami Unal Mesut Halici |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Histology and Embryology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;(2) Department of Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;(3) Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Yenimahalle Government Hospital, Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey;(4) Department of Biochemistry, Ataturk University, Faculty of Veterinary, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; |
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Abstract: | The present study investigated whether diabetes worsened the onset of liver injury/damage during the ovariectomized (OVX)-induced
postmenopausal period in rats. Diabetes results in severe complications in humans, such as liver failure. Estrogen and its
derivatives are medically acceptable, powerful antioxidant agents that can enable liver and other important organs to defend
themselves against oxidative related injury. Estrogen deficiency, which occurs in the postmenopausal period and in individuals
with diabetes, may play a significant role in the progression of liver failure. In the present study, rats were divided into
four groups: control (Group I), diabetic (Group II), ovariectomy (Group III) and ovariectomy plus diabetes (Group IV). After
the experiments, quantitative histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in liver were detected using light microscopy
and modern stereological systems. Histopathological examinations showed that there were many necrotic and apoptotic hepatocytes
in the lobules of Group II. In addition, there were a larger number of necrotic cells in Group III than Group II. In contrast
to Group II, there were also apoptotic cells in the portal areas in Group III. Moreover, evidence of liver injury was higher
in the sections of Group IV compared with all other groups. In biochemical findings, there were statistically significant
differences between all the groups (P < 0.001) for catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and myeloperoxidase (MPx) activity. In addition, the amount of
lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly different between groups. In stereological results, there were significant differences
between Groups I and II and Groups II and IV. The present study provided novel insight into the pernicious effects of ovariectomy
on liver injury following the onset of diabetes. Indeed, the present study found that increases in liver oxidative activity
in OVX rats following the onset of diabetes correlates with elevated MPx, LPO and histopathological changes in rat liver. |
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