北细辛超临界萃取物挥发性成分的GC-MS分析

采用超临界流体萃取法(SFE)和水蒸气蒸馏法分别对北细辛根及根茎进行提取分离,分别得5.5%SFE萃取物和2.8%挥发油。应用GC-MS分析,从北细辛SFE萃取物中鉴定出7种化学成分,占萃取物总量的72.70%,其中甲基丁香酚为44.62%;从细辛挥发油中鉴定出19种化学成分,占挥发油总量的88.53%,其中甲基丁香酚为43.02%。两种方法有6种成分完全相同,其中致癌物质黄樟油素SFE法比蒸馏法低2.8倍。北细辛根及根茎超临界萃取物与水蒸汽蒸馏挥发油主要成分相同,但其化学组成存在较大差异,提示药效亦不相同。超临界流体萃取法是剂型改革的有效方法之一。

GC-MS Analysis of Volatile Components in Supercritical Fluid Extracts of the Root and Rhizome of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.var. mandshuricum

The root and rhizome of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.var.mandshuricum(Maxim.) Kitag.were extracted and isolated by supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) and steam distillation.Respectively,5.5% SFE extract and 2.8% volatile oil were obtained. Based on GC-MS analysis,seven chemical components were identified from the SFE extracts,accounting for 72.70% of the total extracts,among which was 44.62% methyl eugenol;Nineteen chemical components were identified from the volatile oils, accounting for 88.53% of the total essential oil,among which was 43.02% methyl eugenol.Six component were identified by both methods,including carcinogens safrole,of which the content was 2.8 times lower in SFE method than that in steam distillation method.The major components in supercritical fluid extraction and volatile oil of the root and rhizome of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.var.mandshuricum(Maxim.) Kitag are the same,but there is a big difference in chemical composition,Supercritical fluid extraction is one of the effective methods for dosage form development.