Random Priming PCR Strategies for Identification of Multilocus DNA Polymorphism in Eukaryotes

A historical review of the advent and improvement of the methods for detecting multilocus DNA polymorphism that do not require preliminary knowledge of the individual gene and complete genome sequences of eukaryotes is presented. The first group of these methods includes approaches based on the use of primers with arbitrary sequence (random priming). Another group of methods to detect DNA polymorphism is based on the use of primers that consist of short repetitive sequences having anchor nucleotides at the 5'- or 3'-ends that position the annealing sites of these primers (microsatellite priming). Another approach for revealing polymorphism that does not require knowledge of the DNA sequence is based on cleavage of total DNA by a combination of restriction endonucleases (random cleavage) accompanied by PCR amplification. Considerable attention is paid to the opportunities of using these approaches to detect DNA polymorphism in the form of converting the obtained data to digital format and creation of integrative databases for all organisms, regardless of the methods used.