Salivary apyrase activity of some old world phlebotomine sand flies |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Tropical Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, U.S.A.;2. Yale Arbovirus Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510, U.S.A.;1. State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China;2. Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China;3. Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China;4. Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China;5. Department of Cell Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China;1. Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Greifswald – Insel Riems, Germany;2. Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany;3. Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany;4. Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Oberschleißheim, Germany;5. Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy;1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China;2. VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;1. Department of Cellular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA;2. Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA |
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| Abstract: | Salivary gland homogenates of three Old World phlebotomine sand flies (Phlebotomus papatasi, P. argentipes and P. perniciosus) contained abundant ATPase and ADPase activities, indicating the presence of an apyrase activity. These activities had an optimum pH around 8.0 and were activated by Ca2+ but not Mg2+. Both hydrolytic activities and salivary protein content were significantly reduced after the female sand fly took a blood meal indicating a secretory fate for the enzymic activities and salivary gland contents during the feeding process. In contrast to the above mentioned species, the salivary apyrase activity of P. colabaensis is much less abundant. Salivary gland homogenates of P. papatasi, P. argentipes and P. perniciosus inhibited ADP-induced platelet aggregation of citrated rabbit platelet rich plasma. It is suggested that salivary apyrase activity, as in some other blood-sucking arthropods, helps the blood-feeding process by preventing host platelet aggregation. |
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