新疆北部白冠攀雀的巢与巢址选择

2008年4—7月，在新疆北部对白冠攀雀巢址选择进行了研究。白冠攀雀的营巢习性特殊，巢呈囊袋状，结构甚为精致。对于白冠攀雀巢的研究，采用总面积调查法，进行地毯式的搜寻，并结合标图法对其进行标记，绘制分布图。研究结果共发现巢125个，营巢位于于临近湖泊、河流等水域附近的柳树、杨树、桦树等阔叶树上。营巢树种以柳树为主，占68.80%。巢的高度平均为(5.3±2.5)m，营巢于乔木的中下部（约1/3处），约70%的巢离河边不足30 m。对于巢址选择的研究，将原始记录中与巢址选择有关的特征变量进行主成分分析，分析表明，影响白冠攀雀巢址选择的主要因素有4种，依次为：郁闭度因素（包括营巢树胸径、巢上郁闭度）、营巢树种因素(包括营巢树种、树高、巢位高度和乔木种类)、方位因素（包括距河边距离和巢向）、食物与巢材因素。

Nests and Nest-site Selection of White-crowned Penduline Tit Remiz coronatus in the Northern Xinjiang

The nest-site selection of White-crowned Penduline Tit Remiz coronatus in Northern Xinjiang was studied from April to July in 2008. It has special nesting behavior. The nest has a pocket pouch size, with a delicate structure. Research of the nest, using the method of total area investigation, included searching for nests carefully, combined with tag plotting method, and drawing the nest distribution map. In total 125 nests were found in the field, nesting on willow, poplar, birch and other hardwood trees near lakes and rivers. 68.80% of nest trees were willows Salix spp. The average height of nests was 5.3±2.5 m. The nests were located in the lower part of arbor (about 1/3), about 70% of nests less than 30 meters from river. Study of the nest-site selection, used a quadrate survey to investigate the parameters of nest-site characteristics. The principal component analysis indicated that there were four factors affecting the nest-site selection of the White-crowned Penduline Tit. They were: 1. canopy (including diameter of nest tree and canopy cover above nest), 2. nest tree species (including species of nest tree and arbor, height of nest tree and nest in the tree), 3. position or site (including distance to river and nest orientation ), 4. food and nest material (including canopy cover under nest).