人参皂苷Rg1促进人牙周膜干细胞增殖及骨向分化

人参皂苷Rg1 (GS Rg1) 是人参的主要药理活性成分. GS Rg1有刺激造血干细胞的形成和促进骨髓间充质干细胞增殖和分化的作用.而人牙周膜干细胞（human periodontal ligament stem cells, hPDLSCs）具有自我更新和多向分化的干细胞特性.但目前关于GS Rg1能否促进牙周膜干细胞增殖和分化的研究尚不多见.本研究证明，1×10-5 mol/L GS Rg1作用于hPDLSCs后，能明显促进牙周膜干细胞的增殖与分化.MTT检测细胞增殖显示，培养液中加入了GS Rg1实验组在第2,3,4,5 d增殖情况明显高于对照组，提示GS Rg1成分促进了牙周膜干细胞的增殖. 检测ALP表达量，RUNX2，Collagen I,OPN,OCN表达水平，加药实验组表达水平均高于未加药对照组，它们的表达量的增高提示成骨分化的增强. 牙周膜干细胞与纳米羟基磷灰石支架结合的电镜图片及其支架植入小鼠体内后的免疫组化检测显示,含有GS Rg1成分的细胞支架能促进形成更多的骨样组织.因此,GS Rg1能促进hPDLSCs体内体外的增殖及骨向分化，并在替代传统生长因子应用于牙周组织工程方面有较好前景.

Elevated Proliferative and Osteogenic Potential of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Ginsenoside Rg1

Ginsenoside Rg1(GS Rg1) is the main pharmacological active ingredients of ginseng. GS Rg1 is not only a stimulating factor of hematopoietic stem cells, as well as of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) have the potential to transform into different cells for regeneration. This study, we found that 1×10-5 mol/L GS Rg1 significantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of hPDLSCs. Treatment with GS Rg1 for 2, 3, 4, 5 days showed better proliferation in MTT assays. The expression of ALP, RUNX 2, Collagen I, OPN and OCN were also increased, implying an improvement in osteogenic differentiation. More osteoid tissue was observed by SEM and immunohistochemistry in GS Rg1-nHAC scaffolds seeded with hPDLSCs when transplanted into mice. Ginsenoside Rg1 could be an effective bioactive agent for periodontal tissue engineering.