艾比湖湿地植物群落土壤酶活性特征及影响因素

为研究艾比湖湿地不同植物群落土壤酶活性的季节变化规律及影响因素,2015—2016年5、8和11月以绕湖一周范围内的梭梭-柽柳、梭梭、胡杨、芦苇为研究对象,对4种植物群落下不同月土壤过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶和脲酶活性及理化因子进行分析。结果表明:(1)各植物群生境的差异使酶活性有明显变化,呈现出芦苇群落梭梭群落胡杨群落梭梭-柽柳群落。不同植物群落下酶活性具有明显的季节变化,梭梭-柽柳、梭梭、胡杨群落土壤过氧化氢酶、磷酸酶、脲酶的峰值分别出现在5月(2.72、3.31和2.94 mg/g)、(1.18、1.32和0.69 mg/g)和(0.18、0.34和0.17 mg/g),而芦苇群落3种酶活性的峰值出现在8月(5.18、1.20和0.66 mg/g);谷值均出现在11月。(2) 4种植物群落下各月土壤酶活性与土壤有机质、全磷呈显著正相关,而与土壤盐分呈负相关;除芦苇群落外,其他群落8月土壤温度与酶活性呈负相关。(3) 4种植物群落各月间土壤酶活性受多因素的共同影响,土壤盐分、有机质、全磷是影响艾比湖湿地不同植物间土壤酶活性的主导因素,土壤温度和含水量对不同月土壤酶活性的影响更为显著。

Soil enzyme activity characteristics and impact factors under plant communities of the Ebinur Lake wetland

To study the seasonal variation and impact factors of soil enzyme activities in different plant communities surrounding the Ebinur Lake wetland, four plant communities (Haloxylon-Tamarix, Populus euphratica, Haloxylon ammodendron, Phragmites) were selected to study in May, August, and November from 2015 to 2016. Catalase, phosphatase, urease activity, and physicochemical parameters in soil from these four communities were analyzed. The results show that (1) the significant changes in enzyme activities in 4 habitats were found following order of Phragmites > Haloxylon > Populus euphratica > Haloxylon-Tamarix communities. The enzymatic activities of different plant communities had obvious seasonal changes with the peaks of soil catalase, phosphatase, and urease in Haloxylon ammodendron, Haloxylon ammodendron, and Populus euphratica communities appeared in May (2.72, 3.31, 2.94 mg/g), (1.18, 1.32, 0.69 mg/g) and (0.18, 0.34, 0.17 mg/g), respectively. However,, the peak values of reed community appeared in August (5.18, 1.20, 0.66 mg/g respectively). The valley values appeared in November. (2) The positive relationship were found between soil enzyme activities in these four plant communities with soil organic matter and total phosphorus, while negative with soil salinity did. The soil temperature in communities was negatively correlated with enzyme activity in August except for the reed community. (3) Enzyme activities of four plant communities were affected by multi-factors including soil salinity, organic matter, and total phosphorus in the Ebinur Lake Wetland. The soil temperature and moisture can affect enzyme activities stronger than other factors.