基于GISP模型的城市绿色基础设施多功能性评估

绿色基础设施建设是加强城市生态弹性力的重要手段之一。绿色基础设施多功能性是实现城市生态系统服务功能综合效益最大化的前提,这一点已被众多学者认可。构建绿色基础设施规划(GISP,Green Infrastructure Spatial Planning)模型,基于绿色基础设施的雨洪管理、绿色空间可达性、净化空气、缓解热岛效应、景观连通性五大功能指标,开展城市绿色基础设施多功能性评估,明确合肥市绿色基础设施的高需求地区,探讨绿色基础设施不同功能之间的权衡和协同关系。结果表明:合肥市东北部对于绿色基础设施缓解城市热岛效应、净化空气的需求最强烈,城市一环区域对于绿色基础设施的雨洪管理需求最为强烈,城市东部、南部对于绿色基础设施的绿色空间可达性需求显著;总体而言,绿色基础设施选址的热点区域为城市一环内及东北区域;绿色基础设施的雨洪管理、缓解城市热岛和净化空气间存在着协同关系,与景观连通性之间存在着权衡关系;运用GISP模型评估合肥生态空间体系控制规划以及合肥市域空间绿道网络系统建设总体规划,规划中绿地选址不在绿色基础设施的高需求区域,也没有在战略上整合绿地多功能的生态系统服务、获得更大的生态弹性力。

Analysis of multifunctional urban green infrastructure using a GISP model

Green infrastructure construction is one of the most important means to strengthen the urban ecological resilience. The versatility of green infrastructure is a prerequisite for maximizing the overall benefits of urban ecosystem services, which has been recognized by many scholars. We have constructed a green infrastructure planning (GISP) model that includes functional indicators such as rain-flood management, green space accessibility, air purification, heat island mitigation, and landscape connectivity. It is used to conduct an assessment of the versatility of urban green infrastructure, identify high-demand areas for green infrastructure in Hefei, and explore trade-offs and synergies between different functions of green infrastructure. The results show that the northeastern part of Hefei City has the strongest demand for green infrastructure to alleviate urban heat island effect and clean air. The urban one-ring area has the strongest demand for rain-flood management of green infrastructure. The eastern and southern parts of the city have significant demand for green space accessibility. In general, the hotspots for green infrastructure site selection are within the urban area and the northeast region. There is a synergy between the rain-flood management, the alleviation of urban heat islands and the purification of air, and there is a trade-off between these three functions and the landscape connectivity. The GISP model is used to evaluate the Hefei ecological space system control plan and the Hefei spatial greenway network system construction general plan. The planned green space site selection is not in the high demand area of green infrastructure, and there is no strategic integration of green space multi-functional ecosystem services. Thereby obtaining greater ecological resilience.