中国快速城市化干燥地区的生态系统服务权衡关系多尺度分析——以呼包鄂榆地区为例

理解生态系统服务间的权衡关系对提高干燥地区人类福祉和实现区域可持续性具有重要的意义。但是,目前人们仍然缺乏对快速城市化干燥地区中生态系统服务权衡关系的多尺度理解。以呼包鄂榆地区这一正在经历快速城市化的干燥地区为例,在城市群、区域和城市3个尺度上来探索生态系统服务间的权衡关系。对呼包鄂榆地区2010年的粮食生产、肉类生产、产水量、土壤保持和碳固持5种关键生态系统服务进行测量。利用相关分析法在3个尺度上对5种服务间的权衡关系进行分析。2010年呼包鄂榆地区产水量和土壤保持以及产水量和碳固持服务表现出显著的权衡关系。其中,产水量和碳固持服务在城市群、农业区和鄂尔多斯市呈现明显的权衡关系,产水量和土壤保持服务在城市群和农业区呈现明显的权衡关系。快速城市化干燥地区中的生态系统服务权衡关系具有明显的尺度效应,同一对生态系统服务在不同尺度上的权衡关系存在较大差异。这种差异主要是由区域人类活动和自然条件的空间异质性所致。研究结果有助于对呼包鄂榆地区生态系统服务权衡关系的认识,为该地区土地系统设计和可持续发展提供了必要的科学依据。

Multi-scale analysis of ecosystem service trade-offs in urbanizing drylands of China: A case study in the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin region

Understanding the trade-offs among ecosystem services (ESs) is important for improving human well-being and sustainability in dryland regions. However, a multi-scale understanding of ES trade-offs that link local ecosystem properties with regional patterns in urbanizing drylands is lacking. We investigated the ES trade-offs in the Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin (HBOY) region-a rapidly urbanizing dryland region in China-on three spatial scales: the city, region, and urban agglomeration. We first mapped five key ESs in HBOY in 2010, including crop production, meat production, water yield, soil retention, and carbon sequestration. Next, we analyzed their trade-offs on the three scales by using correlation analysis. We found that trade-offs between water yield and carbon sequestration, as well as water yield and soil retention, were significant in HBOY in 2010. Water yield and carbon sequestration showed significant trade-offs on the urban agglomeration scale and in agricultural region and Ordos. Water yield and soil retention showed significant trade-offs on the urban agglomeration scale and in agricultural region. In addition, the ES trade-offs were scale-dependent in rapidly urbanizing drylands. The trade-offs between pairs of ecosystem services were inconsistent on different scales, this was caused by the spatial heterogeneity of natural conditions and human activities. Our findings might help better understand the ES trade-offs in HBOY and provide a scientific basis for land system architecture and sustainable development in HBOY.