单羧酸转运体在肿瘤中的功能

单羧酸转运体 (Monocarboxylte Transporters，MCTs)属于溶质运载蛋白家族（Solute carrier family，SLC）SLC16A亚家族成员.目前已发现该家族有14个成员；研究表明，MCTs具有偶联转运细胞新陈代谢中产生的单羧酸与质子的功能. MCTs在肿瘤组织中表达普遍增高，肿瘤细胞是以糖酵解代谢方式获取能量，该过程中产生的大量乳酸被MCTs运出胞外，以保护细胞免因酸中毒诱发细胞凋亡;细胞外乳酸也能被肿瘤细胞摄取和利用.由于肿瘤组织的血管不发达，使肿瘤细胞内外的乳酸堆积，导致肿瘤细胞存活在缺氧和酸性微环境中，MCTs对此种环境中肿瘤细胞的存活与转移发挥重要作用.因此，研究肿瘤细胞和正常组织中MCTs的差异性表达及其机制，以及MCTs活性的调控机制，对于认识肿瘤细胞在缺氧和酸性微环境中存活与转移规律具有重要意义，并为肿瘤的治疗提供新的分子靶标.本文将对肿瘤中MCTs的功能研究的最新进展进行综述. 同时，结合我们的研究，提出了一些见解.

Function of the Monocarboxylate Transporter in Tumor

Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs, SLC16A) are the subfamily of solute carrier protein family (SLC). It has been found that this family consisting of 14 members. MCTs are the proton-linked transporters of monocarboxylates produced from metabolism. Which widely expressed in tumor tissues. Glycolysis is the most important metabolic pathway to obtain energy in tumor cells, and large amounts of lactate produced from this process is transported to outside of the cells by MCTs in order to protect the cells from apoptosis induced by acidosis. In other hand，extracellular lactate can also be uptake and utilization by tumor cells. Tumor tissues poorly vascularized and extracellular lactate makes the surrounding of tumor cells become to hypoxemic and acidic. MCTs play important roles in tumor cells survival and metastasis in hypoxemic and acidic microenvironment. To clarify the distinct mechanism for gene expression and its action of MCTs in tumor tissues and normal tissues is significant to provide the new molecular targets for the tumor therapeutic drugs development. In this paper, we reviewed the recent progress in functional study on of MCTs in the tumor. At the same time, we puts forward some ideas for this topical subject combined with our research.