不同水肥因子与AM真菌对黄芩生长和营养成分的交互效应

利用盆栽接种试验,探讨不同水肥条件下AM真菌双网无梗囊霉Acaulospora bireticulata对黄芩生长、养分含量和次生代谢产物的影响,为黄芩水肥合理施用提供理论依据。结果表明,不同水肥条件下,AM真菌能与黄芩根系形成良好共生关系,接种AM真菌能显著提高黄芩根系菌根侵染率和生物量,水分和施肥处理对菌根侵染率和黄芩生长具有显著交互作用。不同水肥条件下,接种AM真菌提高了植株保护酶活性和叶片渗透调节物质含量,降低了脯氨酸和丙二醛含量;显著增加了黄芩苷和N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Fe和Zn含量,降低了Mn和Cu含量。N和P含量随施肥量增加而提高,其余矿质元素在施肥量N 0.383 g、P 0.564 g、K 0.251 g时含量最高,说明AM真菌能够促进宿主植物根系对水分和矿质元素的吸收和利用,提高水分和肥料利用率,具有明显的节水节肥作用,其中50%相对含水量,施肥量N 0.383 g、P 0.564 g、K 0.251 g时,接种AM真菌的促生效应最佳。

Interactive effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under different soil water and fertilizer conditions on the plant growth and nutrients of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a medicinal plant and perennial herb that could be used for treatment of hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver, cancer, jaundice, anxiety, and nerve disorders. In recent years, to meet the high demand for medicine, the area of Scutellaria cultivation has increased in Hebei province, but the quality has reduced because of non-standard planting practices and improper use of fertilizer and water. Therefore, increased research attention has been paid to improving the yield and quality of S. baicalensis in China and abroad.Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are beneficial soil microbes that can form good symbiotic relationships with over 80% of all vascular plants. Some studies have shown that AM symbiosis is significantly influenced by variations in water and fertilizer conditions. This study focused on the effects of an AM fungus species (Acaulospora bireticulata) on the growth, nutrients, and secondary metabolites contents of S. baicalensis under different water and fertilizer conditions using a pot experiment in a greenhouse. The experimental design included 18 treatments representing a combination of 2 mycorrhizal states, 3 water regimes, and 3 fertilizer application levels. The results showed that AM fungal inoculation significantly promoted growth of the host plant and the infection rate, but these inoculation effects were influenced by the soil water and fertilizer levels. Under different water and fertilizer conditions, AM fungal inoculation improved the protective enzyme activity and content of osmotic adjustment substances, and decreased proline and MDA contents. AM fungal inoculation significantly increased the contents of baicalin and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Zn, and decreased the contents of Mn and Cu. The contents of N and P increased with improved fertilizer levels, and other mineral elements were the highest when the fertilizer level was 0.383 g N, 0.564 g P, and 0.251 g P. Therefore, AM fungi could form a good symbiotic relationship with S. baicalensis. Inoculation of AM fungi on S. baicalensis showed that the best effect under conditions of a relative water content of 50% and a fertilizer level of 0.383 g N, 0.564 g P, and 0.251 g K.