Cold adaptation of eicosapentaenoic acid-less mutant of Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 involving uptake and remodeling of synthetic phospholipids containing various polyunsaturated fatty acids |
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Authors: | Sho Sato Tatsuo Kurihara Jun Kawamoto Masashi Hosokawa Satoshi B. Sato Nobuyoshi Esaki |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan;(2) Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan;(3) Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan |
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Abstract: | An Antarctic psychrotrophic bacterium, Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10, produces cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LPUFA), as a component of membrane phospholipids at low temperatures. The EPA-less mutant generated by disruption of the EPA synthesis gene becomes cold-sensitive. We studied whether the cold sensitivity could be suppressed by supplementation of various LPUFAs. The EPA-less mutant was cultured at 6°C in the presence of synthetic phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) that contained oleic acid at the sn-1 position and various C20 fatty acids with different numbers of double bonds from zero to five or cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at the sn-2 position. Mass spectrometric analyses revealed that all these fatty acids became components of various PE and phosphatidylglycerol species together with shorter partner fatty acids, indicating that large-scale remodeling followed the incorporation of synthetic PEs. As the number of double bonds in the sn-2 acyl chain decreased, the growth rate decreased and the cells became filamentous. The growth was restored to the wild-type level only when the medium was supplemented with phospholipids containing EPA or DHA. We found that about a half of DHA was converted into EPA. The results suggest that intact EPA is best required for cold adaptation of this bacterium. |
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Keywords: | Eicosapentaenoic acid Docosahexaenoic acid Polyunsaturated fatty acid Phospholipid Lipid remodeling Cold adaptation Psychrotroph Shewanella livingstonensis Ac10 |
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