碳中和视角下福建省国土空间分区特征与优化策略

城市低碳转型发展背景下研究国土空间分区,可为国土空间开发保护格局优化和高质量发展提供参考依据。本研究以福建省79个县(市、区)为研究单元,分析县域土地利用碳排放量及空间分异特征,基于碳中和目标,结合碳排放经济贡献率、碳吸收生态承载系数和主体功能区划进行福建省国土空间分区划分,并提出差别化国土空间低碳优化策略。结果表明: 2017年,福建省碳排放总量为6204.16万t,碳吸收总量为4909.71万t,总体处于碳赤字状态;福建省各县域碳排放和碳吸收分别呈现自沿海向内陆递增和递减的相反空间分布特征;福建省79个县域划分为6个国土空间分区,分别为低碳发展-生态功能区、低碳发展-农产品主产区、低碳发展-城市优化区、碳汇功能-农产品主产区、碳强度控制-城市优化区、高碳优化-城市优化区,针对各个分区提出相应的国土空间低碳优化策略。

Characteristics and optimization strategies of territorial space zone in Fujian Province,China based on carbon neutrality.

Under the background of urban low-carbon transformation, a study on regionalization can provide a refe-rence for achieving optimization of territorial protection and high-quality development. We examined carbon emission and spatial differentiation characteristics of land use in 79 counties of Fujian Province. From the perspective of carbon neutral, reasonable division of region of Fujian Province was gotten after a comprehensive evaluation combined with economy contributive coefficient of carbon emission, ecological support coefficient of carbon absorption and priority function zoning. Then, we proposed the low-carbon optimization strategy for differentiated land space. The results showed that the total carbon emission in Fujian Province was 62.0416 million t and the total carbon absorption was 49.0971 million t in 2017, indicating that Fujian was at a state of carbon deficit. The spatial distribution of carbon emission and carbon absorption was opposite from coastal to inland. The six territorial space zones were low-carbon development-ecological function zone, low-carbon development-main producing area of agricultural products zone, low-carbon development-urban optimization zone, carbon sink function-main producing area of agricultural products zone, carbon intensity control-urban optimization zone, and high-carbon optimization-urban optimization zone. We proposed the corresponding low-carbon optimization strategies of territorial space for each zone.