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Evolutionary advantages of mast seeding in Fagus crenata |
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| Authors: | HIROKAZU KON,TAKASHI NODA,KAZUHIKO TERAZAWA,HIROMASA KOYAMA&dagger , MICHIYASU YASAKA |
| Affiliation: | Hokkaido Forestry Research Institute, Higashiyama, Koshunai, Bibai 079-0198, Japan,;Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato-cho Hakodate 041-8611, Japan, and;Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakaba-machi, Turuoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan |
| Abstract: | |
| Keywords: | annual reproductive fluctuation Fagus crenata forest trees mast seeding masting pollination efficiency predator satiation reproductive strategy seed production ultimate factor |