Cell Death Induced on Cell Cultures and Nude Mouse Skin by Non-Thermal,Nanosecond-Pulsed Generated Plasma |
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| Authors: | Arnaud Duval Ilya Marinov Guilhem Bousquet Guillaume Gapihan Svetlana M. Starikovskaia Antoine Rousseau Anne Janin |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Inserm, U 728, Paris, France.; 2. Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire de Pathologie, UMR-S 728, Paris, France.; 3. AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Louis, Department of Pathology, Paris, France.; 4. Laboratoire de physique des plasmas, Ecole polytechnique, UPMC, Université Paris Sud 11, CNRS, Palaiseau, France.; National Research Council, Italy, |
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| Abstract: | Non-thermal plasmas are gaseous mixtures of molecules, radicals, and excited species with a small proportion of ions and energetic electrons. Non-thermal plasmas can be generated with any high electro-magnetic field. We studied here the pathological effects, and in particular cell death, induced by nanosecond-pulsed high voltage generated plasmas homogeneously applied on cell cultures and nude mouse skin. In vitro, Jurkat cells and HMEC exhibited apoptosis and necrosis, in dose-dependent manner. In vivo, on nude mouse skin, cell death occurred for doses above 113 J/cm2 for the epidermis, 281 J/cm2 for the dermis, and 394 J/cm2 for the hypodermis. Using electron microscopy, we characterized apoptosis for low doses and necrosis for high doses. We demonstrated that these effects were not related to thermal, photonic or pH variations, and were due to the production of free radicals. The ability of cold plasmas to generate apoptosis on cells in suspension and, without any sensitizer, on precise skin areas, opens new fields of application in dermatology for extracorporeal blood cell treatment and the eradication of superficial skin lesions. |
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