The V Protein of Canine Distemper Virus Is Required for Virus Replication in Human Epithelial Cells |
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| Authors: | Noriyuki Otsuki Yuichiro Nakatsu Toru Kubota Tsuyoshi Sekizuka Fumio Seki Kouji Sakai Makoto Kuroda Ryoji Yamaguchi Makoto Takeda |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.; 2. Laboratory of Bacterial Genomics, Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjyuku, Tokyo, Japan.; 3. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.; Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, United States of America, |
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| Abstract: | Canine distemper virus (CDV) becomes able to use human receptors through a single amino acid substitution in the H protein. In addition, CDV strains possessing an intact C protein replicate well in human epithelial H358 cells. The present study showed that CDV strain 007Lm, which was isolated from lymph node tissue of a dog with distemper, failed to replicate in H358 cells, although it possessed an intact C protein. Sequence analyses suggested that a cysteine-to-tyrosine substitution at position 267 of the V protein caused this growth defect. Analyses using H358 cells constitutively expressing the CDV V protein showed that the V protein with a cysteine, but not that with a tyrosine, at this position effectively blocked the interferon-stimulated signal transduction pathway, and supported virus replication of 007Lm in H358 cells. Thus, the V protein as well as the C protein appears to be functional and essential for CDV replication in human epithelial cells. |
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