Source analysis and health risk of heavy metals in the different seasons from Taizihe River,China |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China;2. Experimental Center, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China;1. Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China;2. Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi''an 710069, China;3. Department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan;4. Veterinary Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Balogram, Swat, Pakistan;5. Department of Botany, University of Malakand Chakdara Dir (L.), Pakistan;6. School of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, China;1. Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;2. State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;3. CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China;4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;5. Department of Botany, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan;6. Reproductive Physiology lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;1. School of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, College of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Fiji National University, Koronivia, PO Box 1544, Nausori, Republic of Fiji Islands;2. Department of Forestry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya Pundibari, Cooch Behar, India;3. Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand, India |
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| Abstract: | Twenty five water samples were collected along the Taizihe River, the concentration and health risks of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr and Cd were detected and evaluated, and the pollution sources was analyzed through principal components analyses. The results indicated that the order of average concentration of heavy metals was follows: Pb > Cr > Cu > Zn and Cd. Among that, the concentrations of Zn, Cu and Cr were at the permissible levels, but Pb and Cd exceeded grade V standard at some sites. The concentrations of Zn and Cu in the wet season were significant higher than that in the dry season (p < 0.05), but the average concentrations of Pb, Cr and Cd were not significantly different in the two seasons (p > 0.05). The annual average risks of human health caused by Cd and Cr were 10?3/a and 10?4/a, respectively, which were higher than the recommended maximum acceptable risk level. The human health risk values of Zn, Pb and Cu were all concentrated at 10?8/a or 10?9/a levels, which did not exceed the recommended standard. On the whole, Cd and Cr were the main health risk pollutants of Taizihe River. Pollution sources of Pb was different from other heavy metals in wet and dry season, Cd and Cr were similar in the wet and dry season. The mainly pollution source of heavy metals was industry, especially mining, metal smelting and electroplating industry. |
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