云南地区种子植物多样性分布格局和多样性分化特点研究

利用大尺度的植物分布信息结合地理信息系统和数理统计分析,探讨了云南种子植物多样性的地理分布格局和多样性分化特点。结果表明,从科到属和种,植物多样性和区系分化强度的数据集离散程度均呈递增趋势。相对属和种而言,科的多样性的空间分异和高值区域并不明显,这可能与科、属、种所代表的不同地质历史时期有关;南部地区属和种的多样性明显高于除滇西北以外的大部分地区。种的多样性分布中心主要集中在滇西北地区、云南南部地区、哀牢山、无量山地区和昆明地区,这可能与生境异质性和热量条件有关。相对科而言,属的区系分化强度的空间分异更为明显,并与物种多样性的分布格局比较接近,暗示着植物多样性与区系分化之间的密切联系。相对科而言,属的区系分化中心高值区域更为明显。总体上,云南地区植物多样性的分布格局及其分化可能与其生境、热量条件和地质历史有关。

The Spatial Patterns of Species Diversity of Seed Plants and Its Differentiation in Yunnan, China

The spatial patterns and differentiation of species diversity of seed plants in Yunnan, China, were investigated based on distribution datasets of plant species at large scale, geographical information system and statistic methods. The results indicated that the discreteness of datasets of plant diversity and flora differentiation increased from families to genera and species. Compared with genera and species, the spatial variation and diversity centers of families were not obvious, which may be due to different historical periods in geology reflected by families, genera and species. The diversities of genera and species in southern Yunnan were richer than those of other areas except northwest Yunnan. The diversity centers of species were mainly observed in northwest Yunnnan, southern Yunnan, regions of Ailao Mountain, Wuliang Mountain, and Kunming region, which may be related to the geographical patterns of habitat heterogeneity and energy. Compared with families, the spatial variation of genera differentiation was more easily observed and showed similar patterns with species diversity, indicating significant correlation between plant diversity and flora differentiation. Compared with families, the centers of genera differentiation were obvious. On the whole, the spatial patterns of species diversity of seed plants and its differentiation were jointly shaped by habitat heterogeneity, energy and geological history.