Growth-promoting effects of a bacterium on raphidophytes and other phytoplankton |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences, University of South Carolina, 217 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA;2. Marine Resources Research Institute, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, 217 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412, USA;1. Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE, Central Environmental Laboratory, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;2. Institute of Microbiology, v.v.i., AS CR, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Bacteria, Videnska 1083, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;3. Charles University, Faculty of Science, Vinicna 5, 12844 Prague, Czech Republic;4. Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), ENAC IIE, Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;1. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;2. Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;1. Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer (INSTM), La Goulette Port de Pêche, 2060 Tunisia;2. Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire de Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, Place Leclerc, F-25030 Besançon cedex, France;3. Institut Pasteur, Laboratoire des Toxines Alimentaires, 13, Place Pasteur, B.P. 74, 1002 Tunis, Belvédère, Tunisia;1. Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, No. 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan;2. Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250, Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung 402, Taiwan;3. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan;4. Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States;1. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;2. Demonstration Laboratory of Element and Life Science Research, Laboratory Centre of Life Science, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;3. Institute of Food Safety and Monitoring Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China |
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| Abstract: | On 29 April 2003, a Heterosigma akashiwo bloom (9.5 × 104 cells mL−1) associated with a fish kill (>104 dead fishes estimated from aerial surveys) was observed offshore of Bulls Bay, McLellanville, South Carolina, USA. To assess a potential cause of this bloom event, we investigated the bacterial diversity and algal/bacterial interactions in the bloom microbial community. Thirty-five bacterial strains were isolated and screened for algicidal or algal growth-promoting activities. One strain (BBB25) had significant growth-promoting effects on all 7 algal species tested: three raphidophytes (Heterosigma akashiwo, Chattonella subsalsa, Fibrocapsa japonica), two diatoms (Chaetoceros neogracile, Nitzschia sp.), a cryptophyte (Cryptomonas sp.), and a chlorophyte, Ankistrodesmus sp. This strain (BBB25) is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped spore-forming bacterium. Partial 16S rDNA gene sequence and morphological characters indicated that BBB25 is related closely to the genus Bacillus. The general nature of the algal response indicates that the growth-promoting effects of BBB25 are not specific to H. akashiwo, and suggests potentially widespread effects. Since the presence or relative abundance of the other algal species was not assessed during the bloom initiation period, the selective stimulatory effect on H. akashiwo bloom formation in Bulls Bay is unknown. These results demonstrate, however, the potential for bacterial species to play a regulatory role in bloom formation. |
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