Inbreeding depression is purged in the invasive insect Harmonia axyridis |
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Authors: | Facon Benoît Hufbauer Ruth A Tayeh Ashraf Loiseau Anne Lombaert Eric Vitalis Renaud Guillemaud Thomas Lundgren Jonathan G Estoup Arnaud |
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Affiliation: | 1 Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique, UMR - Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30 016, 34988 Montferrier/Lez cedex, France 2 Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA 3 Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique, UMR - Laboratoire Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 06903 Sophia-Antipolis, France 4 Institut National pour la Recherche Agronomique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet, CS 30 016, 34988 Montferrier/Lez cedex, France 5 United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, Brookings, SD 57006, USA |
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Abstract: | Bottlenecks in population size reduce genetic diversity and increase inbreeding, which can lead to inbreeding depression. It is thus puzzling how introduced species, which typically pass through bottlenecks, become such successful invaders. However, under certain theoretical conditions, bottlenecks of intermediate size can actually purge the alleles that cause inbreeding depression. Although this process has been confirmed in model laboratory systems, it has yet to be observed in natural invasive populations. We evaluate whether such purging could facilitate biological invasions by using the world-wide invasion of the ladybird (or ladybug) Harmonia axyridis. We first show that invasive populations endured a bottleneck of intermediate intensity. We then demonstrate that replicate introduced populations experience almost none of the inbreeding depression suffered by native populations. Thus, rather than posing a barrier to invasion as often assumed, bottlenecks, by purging deleterious alleles, can enable the evolution of invaders that maintain high fitness even when inbred. |
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