南亚热带不同林龄红锥人工林碳贮量与碳固定特征

采用乡土珍贵阔叶树种改造大面积针叶人工纯林已经成为我国亚热带地区人工林近自然化经营的有效模式.采用样地调查与生物量实测方法,研究了我国南亚热带广西3个不同林龄红锥人工林(10、20和27年生)的不同器官、凋落物层和土壤层的碳含量,以及不同林龄红锥人工林的乔木层、凋落物层和土壤层碳贮量及其分配特征.结果表明:红锥不同器官碳含量为49.7％～57.9％;凋落物层碳含量为40.8％ ～ 50.5％,而且未分解层＞半分解层;土壤层(0～60 cm)碳含量随林龄增加而增大,随土层深度的增加而下降.10、20和27年生红锥人工林碳贮量分别为182.42、234.75和269.75 t·hm-2,其中,乔木层分别占19.8％、32.0％和32.8％,凋落物层分别占1.5％、1.6％和1.3％,土壤层分别占78.7％、66.4％和65.9％.3个红锥人工林的年净固碳量分别为4.70、5.64和5.18 t· hm-2.红锥具有较高的固碳能力,是发展多目标森林经营模式的理想树种.

Characteristics of carbon storage and sequestration in different age beech (Castanopsis hystrix) plantations in south subtropical area of China

To transform large area pure conifer plantations by planting indigenous and valuable broad-leaved tree species has been advocated as an effective close-to-nature forest management in sub-tropical China. Taking the 10-, 20- and 27-year-old Castanopsis hystrix plantations in Guangxi of South China as test objects and by the methods of plot investigation and biomass measurement, this paper studied the carbon content in different plant organs, litter layers, and soil layers and the carbon storage and its allocation in tree layer, litter layer and soil layer. For the test plantations, the carbon content in different C. hystrix organs ranged from 49.7% to 57.9%, and that in litter layer was 40.8%-50.5%, being higher in fresh litter layer than in semi-decomposed litter layer. The carbon storage in the soil profiles (0-60 cm) increased with plantation age but decreased with soil depth. The total carbon storage in the 10-, 20- and 27-year-old plantations was 182. 42, 234.75 and 269. 75 t x hm(-2), respectively, among which, tree layer, litter layer and soil layer occupied 19.8%, 32.0% and 32.8%, 1.5%, 1.6% and 1.3%, and 78.7%, 66.4% and 65.9%, respectively. The annual net carbon sequestration of the 10-, 20- and 27-year-old plantations was 4.70, 5.64 and 5.18 t x hm(-2), respectively. It was considered that C. hystrix had a high capability in carbon sequestration, being able to be an ideal tree species for multi-purpose forest management with large and valuable timber production.