Land use and biodiversity patterns of the herpetofauna: The role of olive groves |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Zoology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;2. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (IAS, CSIC), Alameda del Obsinpo s/n, 14080 Córdoba, Spain;3. Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain;4. Centre of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, Biedersteinerstrasse 29, 80802 Munich, Germany;5. Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí (ESPAM), Calceta, Ecuador;1. Área de Zoología, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Carlos III, s/n, E-45071, Toledo, Spain;2. Grupo de Investigación de la Biodiversidad Genética y Cultural, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain;3. Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), C/ José 13 Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain;1. Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil;2. Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação de Recursos Naturais, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil;3. Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Institute of Landscape Ecology and Resource Management, Research Centre for BioSystems, Land Use and Nutrition (IFZ), Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, DE-35392 Giessen, Germany;2. Faculty of Nature and Technology (Faculty 5), University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Neustadtswall 30, DE-28199 Bremen, Germany;3. Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;4. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, P.O. Box 5685, Sluppen, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway;5. Climate Impacts Research Centre, Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, SE-98107 Abisko, Sweden;6. Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, DE-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;1. IAPAR, Agronomic Institute of Paraná, CP 129, Ponta Grossa-PR, CEP 84001-970, Brazil;2. INRA, UMR1248 Agroécologie, Innovations et Territoires, F-31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France;3. INRA, UR 0767 Ecodéveloppement, F-84914, Avignon, France;4. SCOPELA, Broissieux, F-73340, Bellecombe en Bauges, France;1. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Herpetologia, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil;2. Probiota Consultoria Ambiental Ltda, CEP 05578-070, São Paulo, SP, Brazil;3. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Museu de Zoologia João Moojen, CEP 36570-000, Viçosa, MG, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The intensification of agriculture has significant environmental consequences. This intensification entails the simplification and homogenisation of the landscape, which leads to strong negative impacts at ecosystem level, including declines in animal biodiversity. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of different land uses on reptilian and amphibian biodiversity patterns at a regional scale by analysing a large database on the presence of amphibians and reptiles in Andalusia (southern Spain). GIS techniques and the Ecological-Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA) were applied in order to assess whether the habitat was suitable for each reptilian and amphibian species, when the land use variables were excluded. The incongruence between the potential and the observed species richness was then correlated with the main types of land use in Andalusia. Our results showed that irrigated and unirrigated olive groves were associated with a biodiversity deficit of amphibians and reptiles respectively, whereas natural forests and pastures, along with more heterogeneous crops areas, were more suitable. A clustering analysis showed that generalist species were related to olive groves whereas rare and specialist species were related to land uses related to natural vegetation. In summary, our results indicate that large areas covered by olives groves harbour less amphibian and reptilian diversity, thus suggesting that agro-environmental schemes should be carried to promote the species richness in these crops. |
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| Keywords: | Amphibians Biodiversity Ecological modelling Land uses Olive orchards Reptiles |
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