Avian Plasmodium infection in field‐collected mosquitoes during 2012–2013 in Tarlac,Philippines |
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Authors: | Tien‐Huang Chen Wilfredo E Aure Estrella Irlandez Cruz Fedelino F Malbas Jr Hwa‐Jen Teng Liang‐Chen Lu Kyeong Soon Kim Yoshio Tsuda Pei‐Yun Shu |
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Institution: | 1. Center for Research, Diagnostic and Vaccine Development, Centers for Diseases Control, Taipei City, Taiwan (ROC);2. Department of Medical Entomology, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Alabang, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines;3. Veterinary Research Department, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Alabang, Muntinlupa City, Metro Manila, Philippines;4. Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan;5. Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | Global warming threatens to increase the spread and prevalence of mosquito‐transmitted diseases. Certain pathogens may be carried by migratory birds and transmitted to local mosquito populations. Mosquitoes were collected in the northern Philippines during bird migration seasons to detect avian malaria parasites as well as for the identification of potential vector species and the estimation of infections among local mosquito populations. We used the nested PCR to detect the avian malaria species. Culex vishnui (47.6%) was the most abundant species collected and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (13.8%) was the second most abundant. Avian Plasmodium parasites were found in eight mosquito species, for which the infection rates were between 0.5% and 6.2%. The six Plasmodium genetic lineages found in this study included P. juxtanucleare ‐GALLUS02, Tacy7 (Donana04), CXBIT01, Plasmodium species LIN2 New Zealand, and two unclassified lineages. The potential mosquito vectors for avian Plasmodium parasites in the Philippines were Cq. crassipes, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. sitiens, Cx. vishnui, and Ma. Uniformis; two major genetic lineages, P. juxtanucleare and Tacy7, were identified. |
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Keywords: | Avian malaria parasite Culicidae Philippines |
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